Topics as Photographs :: Writing

â€Å"Writers resemble photographers,† Donald Murray reminds us.      The photographic artist doesn’t snap an image while checking an  â â â â entire scene. Rather he chooses a solitary center (239-240).      This relationship was especially incredible to me. Looking through a camera focal point out at an occasion or a theme simply has superb prospects. You could do an all encompassing photograph, including the wide picture, perceiving what number of pieces fit together. Then again, you could utilize the powerful long range focal point to get very close and amplify a solitary component of the photograph. Indeed, even the photographer’s choice to utilize high contrast or shading film to offer a specific expression can convert into a writer’s choice to utilize inadequate work or colorful exposition to make an ideal impact. An inquiry that happens to me that I may ask my understudies is this: â€Å"If your point was a photo, what might it look like?† Would it have heaps of characters in it, or only one? Is the physical setting the most significant component, or rather the appearance on the subject’s face? Unendingly.      Maybe this addresses me since I am the yearbook supervisor, and probably the greatest activity of the distributions staff is to locate the correct picture to recount to the story. From a whole job of film, we may get only a couple of usable photographs; or none. Or then again we may have such a large number of to look over that we need to choose the best edge and additionally organization. Those words, â€Å"angle† and â€Å"composition† are composing words just as visual expressions terms. Out of a note pad brimming with drafts, I may locate similar issues - insufficient or an excessive amount of usable crude material for a bit of composing.

MYP summer assignment Essay Example

MYP summer task Essay Example MYP summer task Essay MYP summer task Essay Guide Summer Assignment When Bases spots pale more interesting coming towards their town, the whole clan invites them since guests are constantly a reason for festivity. Much to their dismay the outsiders werent there to celebrate. They came to catch the most grounded, and the most beneficial, locals and slaughter the rest. Mari whose fifteen-years of age are one of those townspeople. The pale outsiders shackled all the townspeople they needed and took them on a multi day walk, constant strolling. Some were beaten, hauled, marked, and even executed. At the point when they arrived at their goal they a boarded onto a boat, a slave transport. There Mari met a red haired person who showed her English. Not long after Mari met Fall who invigorates her expectation and. The III that I thought was generally common all through this story is Health and social training which is essentially human issues that exist in human social orders. I picked this III since this novel communicates inconceivable hardship, starvation and ailment, torment, expectation, assurance, and human abuse and languishing. In any case, this novel is for the most part about leaver which has been a significant issue for quite a long time possibly still is today. A brief time after the boat ride, Mari was offered to Mr.. Derby and afterward given as a birthday present to earth, his sixteen-year old child. Mari at that point meets Poly an obligated white young lady. Who has indistinguishable dreams from her, to get opportunity. I can attach this to Health and social training in light of the fact that as an adolescent young lady when you see your family get slaughtered then youre caught and soul many will in general lose expectation and think there the fault so they will whip themselves for it. Numerous individuals today despite everything exchange individuals or do human wagering which is unlawful. Something else from the story is when Mr.. Derby beat Mari on cognizant, which is a type of misuse and perhaps endeavored murder. All in view of a little spill. Numerous individuals today despite everything face numerous sorts of misuse and some stay silent about it since its their own fragile living creature and blood. However, that is still unacceptable behavior to have toward an individual, while your beating them youre removing their poise and confidence. During that time you know there werent any sort of prescription or machines to support the debilitated so individuals would become ill or catch stuff and gave it to others which cause a wide spread of ailment that is the way the vast majority of the mens passed on and that another way Health and social training is associated. The slave proprietors didnt give the slaves the treatment and clean things they expected to live the manner in which they should. This made many bite the dust. Not long after Clay assaults Mari which gets her pregnant. I accept that assault is Just a nauseating despicable act that is superfluous and it could truly harm an individual. Adolescents currently truly face a major issue with assault and not just tens grown-up moreover. Individuals are Just going out assaulting others without pivoting anything of it yet on the off chance that it were them who were getting assaulted, at that point perhaps they entire perspective on the thing would change. At the point when you assault somebody you essentially murdered them. You have token away everything from them without knowing it, you demolished their existence with one little act. Casualties of assault will in general drop out of school or even end it all. At the point when you drop out of school at a youthful age as long as you can remember is destroyed from that point, it will be difficult to find a new Line of work not to mention locate a decent paying one. Wellbeing and social training is associated in light of the fact that without MAP summer task By rabbits

Should teachers and students be facebook friends

Should teachers and students be facebook friends Should teachers and students be facebook friends? There has recently been much legal wrangling over the issue of communication between teachers and students via social media sites, in particular on Facebook. In America, state legislators and individual school districts are currently wrestling with the problem â€" not only trying to decide what the rules should be, but also how on earth to enforce them. The world of the internet and social media is notoriously slippery, with legal blurring around the edges, and enforcing strict policies when information can be hidden or kept private could be practically impossible in reality. After the attempts of some states to put in place official rules against teachers befriending their students on Facebook backfired, leading to fears of restriction of free speech, legislators seemed largely to throw up their hands and pass the baton to individual school districts. So many school districts in America now have widely varying policies, with some allowing teacher student interaction on social media, some banning it altogether and others allowing only certain approved devices to be used. The rules also vary widely from school to school in the UK, with some allowing students and teachers to be social media buddies and others explicitly banning the practice altogether. But what are the main arguments for and against teachers and students connecting over Facebook? Pros It is easy for old-fashioned cynics to sniff at the very idea of educators interacting with their charges over social media â€" claiming that it opens up a can of worms and is potentially dangerous â€" so why do it? However there is a sense in which those making this argument fail to understand the explosive changes currently rocking traditional education. Education technology, from flipped classroom models to connecting with other parts of the world via Skype, are becoming more and more dynamically integrated in today’s classrooms. And with the current generation of young people growing up attached to screens and handsets, it is essential that teaching evolves to keep up with them and keep them engaged â€" even if that means adapting to use media that pupils are most familiar and comfortable with. Properly controlled and moderated, teacher-student contact via Facebook can allow closer and more trusting relationships to form, information to be quickly and effectively disseminated and dynamic, exciting new teaching techniques to be tried out. Facebook’s settings are sophisticated enough that it doesn’t have to be an ‘all-or-nothing’ decision â€" some teachers create a separate profile for use exclusively with their students, whilst others block students from seeing any of their personal information but are still able to communicate with them using the site. Another important argument is that by connecting with their students online, teachers are able to monitor their use of social media, flagging up aspects of their profiles that raise concern and keeping a watchful eye on inappropriate communications. Cons The cons include the opportunity for students to discover inappropriate private details about their teachers, and the potential for inappropriately personal relationships to develop between teachers and students. But this problem, albeit rare, has already arisen numerous times between students and teachers, and is not necessarily likely to be made more prevalent by the introduction of one extra mode of communication. There is also the risk that befriending students on social media risks compromising teachers’ authority, by blurring the boundaries of friendship and authority, which is often best maintained by a responsible amount of distance. Finally it may be argued that young people are already spending a worrying amount of time at the keyboard, when they could be outside or socialising with friends, which many fear is damaging interpersonal skills and the ability to communicate successfully face-to-face. By adding teachers to the long list of people students are able to interact with virtually, we are cutting off one more bridge to actual personal communication, which may be vital for many students’ development. Of course, moving some teacher-student interaction online also makes the potentially damaging assumption that all students have access to a Facebook account â€" when you could argue that educators should be praising and supporting those who may have resisted the urge, not adding to social pressure to conform! Not to mention the risk of alienating students from disadvantaged backgrounds who may not have access to technology at home, or teaching staff who may not have access to Facebook! Clarification needed All in all, it seems that there are not yet enough solid gains to be had from Facebook interaction between students and teachers to overcome the significant risks and challenges it may present. For now, the most important issue seems to be the development of crystal clear regulations that apply more widely, to enable teachers to be confident of the rules that apply to them. The current haphazard, higgledy-piggledy collection of contradictory rules is unhelpful to both students and teaching staff, as it makes it incredibly difficult to know exactly what is and isn’t allowed and creates the very real possibility that staff could be transgressing the rules without even realising it. Whether or not teachers should be able to befriend past students online, for example, is just one of many grey areas that must be clarified in order for any progress to be made. What are your thoughts? Where do you stand on the controversial topic? Should teachers and students be Facebook friends? Or is it too dangerous and potentially damaging? You may also like... Universities’ financial prospects: should we be worried? Its high time universities move past BTEC snobbery Why is London attracting so many fresh graduates?

Theme Of Isolation Essay - 918 Words

Any society has expectations of how a certain person should act. These expectations are maintained due to the fact that the judgement of going against the norm is too hard to bear. Individuals feel much safer following rules set by others although, take an individual out of their society and into isolation, where there is no more rules. When put into this situation an individual can choose whether or not to break away from what they know and express themselves as they please. This idea is shown in the different characters in Lord of The Flies. In the novel, Lord of the Flies, William Golding uses the theme of isolation to develop and morph the protagonist and antagonist personalities. Isolation can be defined to be a motivation or freedom†¦show more content†¦Even after everything Ralph has witnessed and everything that has happened, he still remains focused with his goal to return to civilization. Ralph, near the end of the book, is one of the only characters who is still s ane and humane. â€Å"Which is better, law and rescue, or hunting and breaking things up?†. Ralph is always determined to get off the island and survive and to have a sense of stability even though everything is gone. After all this he still wants to regain stability that his society has given him. In contrast, Jack’s character demonstrates how being isolated from civilization has brought out his true and worst nature. As well as Ralph, Jack experiences isolation but in a much different way. In Jack’s case, isolation affects him in a very negative and uncivilized way. Jack sees being on the island as a getaway from everything. At home the boys always had rules and instructions to follow. They are use to having a government and then try to recreate that on the island. Being on the island for Jack, it gives him a sense of freedom because here, he does not have to live up to anyones expectations, there is no rules for him to follow, there is no adults to tell him what to do. â€Å"We’ve got to have rules and obey them. After all, we’re not savages. We’re English and the English are best at everything. So we’ve got to do the right things.†. At first, Jack was aboutShow MoreRelated Theme of Isolation in The Awakening Essays787 Words   |  4 PagesTheme of Isolation in The Awakening      Ã‚  Ã‚   One theme apparent in Kate Chopins novel, The Awakening, is the consequence of solitude when independence is chosen over conformity. The novels protagonist, Edna Pontellier, is faced with this consequence after she embarks on a journey of self-discovery. As Ednas ability to express herself grows, the number of people who can understand her newfound language shrinks (Ward 3). Ednas awakening from a conforming, Victorian wife and mother, intoRead More Theme of Isolation in William Faulkners A Rose for Emily Essay1048 Words   |  5 PagesThe Theme of Isolation in A Rose for Emily As an author establishes the characters he simultaneously attempts to develop the theme of the story. An author uses various elements such as point of view, the setting, and symbols to work toward the expression of one central idea. In looking at A Rose for Emily. a short story by William Faulkner, it is evident that Faulkner successfully carries one main idea throughout the piece, the idea of being isolated from society. One of the most effectiveRead More The Theme of Isolation in Robert Frosts The Mending Wall Essay797 Words   |  4 PagesThe Theme of Isolation in Robert Frosts The Mending Wall Robert Frosts The Mending Wall is a comment on the nature of our society. In this poem, Frost examines the way in which we interact with one another and how we function as a whole. For Frost, the world is often one of isolation. Man has difficulty communicating and relating to one another. As a result, we have a tendency to shut ourselves off from others. In the absence of effective communication, we play the foolish game of avoidingRead MoreIsolation as a Key Theme in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay1060 Words   |  5 PagesIsolation as a Key Theme in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein A key theme of isolation is The Modern Prometheus. Prometheus was a son one of the last Titans. He was isolated like Frankensteins creature, as Prometheus stole fire from Zeus and gave it to a man, one of the sons of God. Victor Frankenstein gave life to the monster and was isolated for his creation, as God only creates life. 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The decisions and actions of some of these characters are the root cause of their isolation. They make choices that isolate themselves from everyone else. However, other characters are forced into isolation for reasons that are not in their control. The actions of another cause themRead MoreAnalysis Of A Rose For Emily Essay1643 Words   |  7 Pagesthematic expression, namely the theme of alienation, with a kind of unified focus that is only found in the greatest works of literature. This is simply to say that Faulkner’s every mention of Emily Grierson in the tale is honed toward manifesting this particular theme of alienation. So with these points in mind, how precisely does Faulkner establish this thematic honing – what exactly is his method? To this end, this essay will argue that Emily Grierson manifests the theme of alienation in Faulkner’sRead More The Many Themes in Sherwood Andersons Winesburg, Ohio Essay1469 Words   |  6 PagesThe Many Themes in Winesburg, Ohio Winesburg, Ohio is a compilation of short tales written by Sherwood Anderson and published as a whole in 1919. The short tales formulate the common themes for the novel as follows: isolation and loneliness, discovery, inhibition, and cultural failure. In order to examine these themes, Andersons history must be understood and examined to provide illumination upon why Anderson came to such beliefs about human life. Sherwood Anderson was born on SeptemberRead MoreTheme Of Exile In The Seafarer1451 Words   |  6 Pagesia Johnson Mr. Saunders British Literature 28 September, 2017 Medieval Analytical Essay During the period of 449-1485 A.D. or also known as the Medieval Period, life was very socially structured causing distinct social classes and terms of isolation. The Medieval period can also be known as the feudalistic period meaning if a person grew up as a peasant, they would always be a peasant and nothing higher or lower. In this feudalistic, Medieval period, three elegic, lyrical poems were translatedRead MoreThe Girl With The Dragon Tattoo1337 Words   |  6 PagesThe Girl with the Dragon Tattoo by Stieg Larsson For the last and final essay of the semester, I decided to pick a couple themes that are included in The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo by Stieg Larsson. Themes are a very important part of any story, play, poem, or any writing for that matter. It is important to understand what themes are involved in a story because it helps the reader better understand what is going on throughout it all. This novel has two main characters named Lisbeth Salander and

The Shift Of Slavery Servitude And Its Impacts On Colonial...

BALOGUN TEMITOPE HISTORY 1510 FIRST ANALYTICAL ESSAY PROFESSOR KOREY BROWN OCTOBER 28, 2015 THE SHIFT IN INDENTURES SERVITUDE AND ITS IMPACTS TO COLONIAL INHIBITANTS Indentured services went on for a very long time at various periods. It was most prominent in the West Indies, Chesapeake, South Carolina. The change from indentured servants to slave labor took place gradually. There are different reasons for the shift from indentured servitude to slave labor. There are various reasons for the shift like changing patterns of immigration, law against bound servitude, and the rise of wage labor, increase in demand of cash crops. The change for servitude to slave took place from three different time periods. The shift from indentured servitude to racial slavery in the British North American colonies didn t occur all at once. Instead, the transition was much more uneven, spreading across different colonies at different times, and triggered by various unique historical incidents. However, two themes show up consistently in the transition from indentured servitude to race-based slav ery. First, as more and more indentured servants became free, the wealthy planter class began to perceive these newly freed men as a threat. Indentured servants acquired land at the end of their term, and were able to compete economically with their former masters. To quell this economic threat, the wealthy class began to prefer a system of lifelong servitude, e.g. slavery.

Power Corrupts in Animal Farm Free Essays

Power is authority and strength, which is any form of motive force or energy, ability to act, or control. When too much power is given, a dictatorship government can form, in which all decisions are made by one authority. In the book Animal Farm, by George Orwell the author portrays how â€Å"Power tends to corrupt and absolute power corrupts absolutely†. We will write a custom essay sample on Power Corrupts in Animal Farm or any similar topic only for you Order Now From the death of Old Major, Snowball, Napoleon, and Squealer replaced him. At first things started off pretty well; the harvest was very good the first year and the reading and writing system had helped some, but had limited success on others. In time, the leaders of animal farm started to have mixed feelings. Snowball and Napoleon were in constant disagreement. An important meeting that was held ended with an astonishing outcome. One decision that was made was concerning the windmill project and the most important decision made was who would be the head animal. Snowball and Napoleon each gave their input on what needs to be done around the farm. â€Å"Snowball stood up and, though occasionally interrupted by bleating from the sheep, set forth his reasons for advocating the building of the windmill. Then Napoleon stood up to reply. He said very quietly that the windmill was nonsense and that he advised nobody to vote for it†. At this time, Snowball jumped back up to convince the people that it was a good idea to build a windmill. Then Napoleon sent his dogs after snowball and they chased him off the farm. Since Snowball had been expelled, Napoleon took over â€Å"The Manor Farm† which led to food shortage, hard labor, and deaths. He used his knowledge and education to take over the farm. With all the pigs and dogs on his side Napoleon had absolute power. The pigs were the brains of the farm and the dogs were the military force of the farm. Napoleon had complete control over the farm. Napoleon’s power corrupted the whole idea of Animalism amp; The Seven Commandments, which the farm first started with. The power that the three pigs obtained had corrupted them and, then Napoleon received absolute power, which corrupted the society as a whole. Throughout the story Napoleon’s power continually increases, but he’s never quite satisfied. Napoleon is always greedy for more power. Napoleon’s standards are that he must have complete power and rule over everyone, though he becomes corrupt because he gains absolute power over everyone on the farm. Stalin loses power because he is always hungry for more power, and is never satisfied with the power that he has. As Stalin dies Russia is completely corrupt because the power was not evenly distributed, and the citizens did not count as people. No power is given to the people under Stalin’s rule. Only him, and a few other privileged individuals live with power and respect in the community. In conclusion, history has proven that power is the root of all evil in a communism style government or congregation. In Animal Farm, the animals tried to be equal, but in time, some animals had certain views and different opinions and some gradually became more powerful. No matter how hard in society we try, equality will never truly be reached by mankind for the reason that  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Power tends to corrupt and absolute power corrupts absolutely† (Lord Acton). How to cite Power Corrupts in Animal Farm, Papers

Violence On Television Essays (1707 words) - Dispute Resolution

Violence On Television Violence on Television There was murderers going around killing lots of people and stealing jewelry. This quote comes from the mouth of an eight year old girl after watching the evening news on television. The eight year old girl claims that she is afraid when there is a murder near because you never know if he could be in town (Cullingford, 61). A recent report from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) pools evidence from over 2,500 studies within the last decade on over 100,000 subjects from several nations to show that the compiled evidence of television's influence on behavior is so overwhelming that there is a consensus in the research community that violence on television does lead to aggressive behavior (Methvin, 49). Given that the majority of scientific community agrees that the research findings of the NIMH publication support conclusion of a causal relationship between television violence and aggressive behavior (Wurtzel, 21), why is it that the Saturday morning kid vid ghetto is the most violent time on T.V. (Methvin, 49), and that despite slight variations over the past decade, the amount of violence on television has remained at consistently high levels (Wurtzel, 23)? Why is it that, like the tobacco companies twenty years ago, the present day television broadcasting companies refuse to consent that violent films and programming can and do have harmful effects on their viewers (Rowland, 280) What can be done to combat the stubborn minded broadcasting companies and to reduce the amount of violent scenes that infest the current air waves? The television giants of today, such as ABC, CBS, and NBC continue to air violent shows, because they make money off of these programs. In general, society finds scenes of violence simply exciting (Feshbach, 12). Broadcasting companies argue that based on the high ratings, they are giving the public what it wants, and therefore are serving the public interest (Time, 77). Michael Howe states: We have to remember that children and adults do enjoy and do choose to watch those programs that contain violence (48). At the same time, however, we must also remember the undeniable truth that there is clear evidence between television violence and later aggressive behavior (Palmer, 120). Because violent television has been proven time and time again to play an active role toward inciting hostile behavior in children, the level of combative programming must be reduced. The media argument that high ratings correspond with the public's best interest is simply not valid. Even the American Medical Association agrees that the link between televised violence and later aggressive behavior warrants a major organized cry of protest from the medical profession (Palmer, 122). The issue of the public's infatuation with television can be paralleled with that of a young child and his desire for candy and junk foods. The child enjoys eating such foods, though they produce the harmful effects of rotting away at his teeth. With a parent to limit his intake of such harmful sweets, however, the child is protected from their damage. Similarly, the American public desires to view violent programs at the risk of adapting induced aggressive behaviors. Because the networks refuse to act as a mother, and to limit the amount of violence shown on television, there are no restrictions to prevent television's violent candy from rotting away at the teeth of society. Harry Skornia claims that it is naive and romantic to expect a corporation to have either a heart of a soul in the struggle for profits and survival (34). But who, then, is to take responsibility for the media's actions if not the industry itself? Because there has not been any sufficient answers to this question so far, television violence has not diminished greatly; nor have Saturday morning programs for children, marked by excessively violent cartoons, changed much for the better (Palmer, 125). One may ask: Why can't the government or the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) intervene to control the amount of violent programming that currently circulates during most broadcasting hours? Edward Palmer states: The FCC's reluctance to regulate - especially directly about violent content - is consistent with that of many other groups. Because the First Amendment guarantees freedom of the press, no direct censorship os programming has ever been advocated by responsible groups concerned with the problem of television violence (124). The American Broadcasting Company (ABC) holds fast to its claim that there are no scientific findings that show a link between television violence and unusually violent behavior in children (Rowland, 279). The network executives at ABC express the ideals that they are self-confident about the lack of

Free Essays on Sex In Class

Sexism in the Classroom In â€Å"Failing at Fairness† one of the most important topics of sexism is addressed, and that of course is sexism in the schools. From the beginning of public education there is evidence of hidden sexism in the classroom, yet not until recently have researchers began to take a closer look at the dilemma at hand. Sexism in the classroom is not a problem that has just occurred overnight in schools. I believe that it has a history, staring long before I was born. I love to listen to the stories that my Grandparents share with me, as do many children my age. They always tell me how great those â€Å"good old days† were. Yet the stories make me step back and look at my grandparents, and see that those â€Å"good old days† are very different from today. Back then, the male role was heads of the household and they were responsible for any of the â€Å"physical work† to be done around the house. On the other hand, women had much less say in what was going on in the house, community, and even the nation. For the most part, women stayed home to take care of the kids and do all the housework that needed to be done. This has been the way of life for along time right up until the Second World War. Then slowly women began to work their way into the work force, leaving those elementary ideas behind. Through the years women have gained more and more rights focus on equality, but are they really equal? To some extent yes, and by law yes, but there are still those hidden views and ideas that are continually being pushed on society. I have always witnessed sexism in the classroom, even though I have attended catholic school all my life. I believe that it is more harmful if it is not that obvious. For instance, if sexism is taking place in a kindergarten class, and no one is there to correct it from the beginning, girls will feel like they are inferior to the boys and therefore hold back in participation. I ... Free Essays on Sex In Class Free Essays on Sex In Class Sexism in the Classroom In â€Å"Failing at Fairness† one of the most important topics of sexism is addressed, and that of course is sexism in the schools. From the beginning of public education there is evidence of hidden sexism in the classroom, yet not until recently have researchers began to take a closer look at the dilemma at hand. Sexism in the classroom is not a problem that has just occurred overnight in schools. I believe that it has a history, staring long before I was born. I love to listen to the stories that my Grandparents share with me, as do many children my age. They always tell me how great those â€Å"good old days† were. Yet the stories make me step back and look at my grandparents, and see that those â€Å"good old days† are very different from today. Back then, the male role was heads of the household and they were responsible for any of the â€Å"physical work† to be done around the house. On the other hand, women had much less say in what was going on in the house, community, and even the nation. For the most part, women stayed home to take care of the kids and do all the housework that needed to be done. This has been the way of life for along time right up until the Second World War. Then slowly women began to work their way into the work force, leaving those elementary ideas behind. Through the years women have gained more and more rights focus on equality, but are they really equal? To some extent yes, and by law yes, but there are still those hidden views and ideas that are continually being pushed on society. I have always witnessed sexism in the classroom, even though I have attended catholic school all my life. I believe that it is more harmful if it is not that obvious. For instance, if sexism is taking place in a kindergarten class, and no one is there to correct it from the beginning, girls will feel like they are inferior to the boys and therefore hold back in participation. I ...

Sample English Speech about Life How to Be Successful after Graduation

Sample English Speech about Life How to Be Successful after Graduation Sample English Speech about Life How to Be Successful after Graduation Now I’m standing in front of you, having graduated from university and wondering, like the rest of you, just what the future holds. It seems like just yesterday I have arrived as a young freshman, not having any idea what to do next. I hope that some of the things I am about to tell you in this English speech about life will give you some food for thought and, perhaps, some inspiration for what awaits you outside these university doors. Manage Your Life after Graduation The best time to thÃ'â€"nk Ð °bÐ ¾ut thÐ µ life after grÐ °duÐ °tÃ'â€"Ð ¾n Ã'â€"Ã'• bÐ µfÐ ¾rÐ µ graduation. Regardless Ð ¾f whÐ °t level students Ð °rÐ µ Ã'â€"n the Ã' Ã ¾llÐ µgÐ µ, Ð °Ã'• lÐ ¾ng Ð °Ã'• you havent grÐ °duÐ °tÐ µd yet, Ã'â€"t Ã'â€"Ã'• thÐ µ best tÃ'â€"mÐ µ tÐ ¾ think Ð °bÐ ¾ut hÐ ¾w to Ð µntÐ µr thÐ µ adult world. This is the Ã'•uffÃ'â€"Ã' Ã'â€"Ð µnt tÃ'â€"mÐ µ tÐ ¾ get yourself as the grÐ °duÐ °tÐ µÃ'• ready for thÐ µ rÐ µÃ °l Ã' hÐ °llÐ µngÐ µ Ð ¾f life. Here are some tÃ'â€"Ã'€Ã'• Ð ¾n hÐ ¾w to manage lÃ'â€"fÐ µ after grÐ °duÐ °tÃ'â€"Ð ¾n: Choose YÐ ¾ur Career PÐ °th Mull over the aspects Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u Ð °rÐ µ good Ð °t and wÐ ¾rk at them. AÃ'€Ã'€lÃ'Æ' for jÐ ¾bÃ'• thÐ °t interest Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u or are rÐ µlÐ °tÐ µd tÐ ¾ Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur field. Do nÐ ¾t rÐ µlÃ'Æ' on Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur parents’ or frÃ'â€"Ð µndÃ'• Ã' hÐ ¾Ã'â€"Ã' Ã µs. Dont lÐ µt Ð ¾thÐ µrÃ'• Ã' Ã ¾ntrÐ ¾l Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur dÐ µÃ'•tÃ'â€"nÃ'Æ'. Moreover, dÐ ¾ not let things juÃ'•t hÐ °Ã'€Ã'€Ð µn. Live thÐ µ life thÐ °t Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u want. TÐ °kÐ µ a lÐ µÃ °d. SÐ µt GÐ ¾Ã °lÃ'• LÃ'â€"kÐ µ when you wÐ µrÐ µ Ð °t the university thÐ µrÐ µ wÐ µrÐ µ deadlines, in real lÃ'â€"fÐ µ Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u have to Ã'•Ð µt goals tÐ ¾ Ð °Ã' hÃ'â€"Ð µvÐ µ what Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u want tÐ ¾ hÐ °Ã'€Ã'€Ð µn. ThÃ'â€"Ã'• tÃ'â€"mÐ µ, theres nÐ ¾ Ã'€rÐ µÃ'•Ã'•urÐ µ Ð °nÃ'Æ'mÐ ¾rÐ µ. You are the only one who is responsible for Ã'•Ð µtting Ð °nd mÐ °nÐ °ging Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur gÐ ¾Ã °lÃ'•. SÃ'€rÐ µÃ °d YÐ ¾ur WÃ'â€"ngÃ'• It dÐ ¾Ã µÃ'• not mÐ µÃ °n thÐ °t Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u hÐ °vÐ µ tÐ ¾ travel thÐ µ whole wÐ ¾rld. It juÃ'•t mÐ µÃ °nÃ'• thÐ °t Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u hÐ °vÐ µ to Ð µxtÐ µnd Ð °nd mÐ °xÃ'â€"mÃ'â€"zÐ µ Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur tÐ °lÐ µnt Ð °nd Ã'•kÃ'â€"llÃ'•. You Ã' Ã °n go tÐ ¾ other Ã'€lÐ °Ã' Ã µÃ'• to look for bÐ µttÐ µr Ð ¾Ã'€Ã'€Ð ¾rtunÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"Ð µÃ'•. Don’t bÐ µ Ã'•tÐ °gnÐ °nt. Spread Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur wÃ'â€"ngÃ'• Ð °nd flÃ'Æ'. BÐ µ Thrifty AlwÐ °Ã'Æ'Ã'• put some mÐ ¾nÐ µÃ'Æ' aside. You may not knÐ ¾w, but thÐ µ Ð °mÐ ¾unt you have saved increases every day. BÐ µÃ'â€"ng thrÃ'â€"ftÃ'Æ' Ã'â€"Ã'• Ð °lÃ'•Ð ¾ thÐ µ fÃ'â€"rÃ'•t Ã'•tÐ µÃ'€ to mÐ °nÐ °gÃ'â€"ng your fÃ'â€"nÐ °nÃ' Ã µÃ'•. In thÃ'â€"Ã'• way, Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u will knÐ ¾w where Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u gÐ µt Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur money Ð °nd where it Ã'â€"Ã'• going. You Ã' Ã °n uÃ'•Ð µ these savings Ã'â€"f Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u hÐ °vÐ µ to buy Ã'•Ð ¾mÐ µthÃ'â€"ng you nÐ µÃ µd but Ã'â€"Ã'• Ð ¾ut Ð ¾f your budgÐ µt. MÐ ¾Ã'•t Ã'â€"mÃ'€Ð ¾rtÐ °ntlÃ'Æ', you Ã' Ã °n Ð °lwÐ °Ã'Æ'Ã'• use this money during Ð µmÐ µrgÐ µnÃ' ies. Smile EnjÐ ¾Ã'Æ' thÐ µ real world. In Ð µvÐ µrÃ'Æ' lÃ'â€"ttlÐ µ thÃ'â€"ng you do, Ã'•tÐ °rt thÐ µ day wÃ'â€"th a smile Ð °nd Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u wÃ'â€"ll find that it is infectious. In the real wÐ ¾rld, your Ã'•uÃ' Ã' Ã µÃ'•Ã'• Ã'â€"Ã'• not mÐ µÃ °Ã'•urÐ µd Ð ¾n how many Ã' hÐ °llÐ µngÐ µÃ'• Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u have faced, but Ð ¾n hÐ ¾w you manage them. It doesnt Ã' Ã ¾unt Ã'â€"f you Ð °lwÐ °Ã'Æ'Ã'• fÐ µÃ µl dÃ'â€"Ã'•gruntlÐ µd bÐ µÃ' Ã °uÃ'•Ð µ Ð ¾f thÐ µ trÃ'â€"Ð °lÃ'• you have endured. But it counts a lÐ ¾t Ã'â€"f Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u are Ã'•tÃ'â€"ll Ã'•mÃ'â€"lÃ'â€"ng Ð °mÃ'â€"dÃ'•t thÐ µ difficulties thÐ °t Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u hÐ °vÐ µ gÐ ¾nÐ µ through. AlwÐ °Ã'Æ'Ã'• kÐ µÃ µÃ'€ Ã'â€"n mÃ'â€"nd that a nÐ µw dÐ °Ã'Æ' Ã'â€"Ã'• juÃ'•t a dÐ °Ã'Æ' Ð °wÐ °Ã'Æ'. Life Ð °ftÐ µr grÐ °duÐ °tÃ'â€"Ð ¾n is hÐ °rd. SÐ ¾mÐ µtÃ'â€"mÐ µÃ'• it Ã' Ã °n bÐ µ even cruel and fÃ'â€"llÐ µd wÃ'â€"th chaos. But Ã'â€"f thÐ µrÐ µ iÃ'• Ã'€rÐ ¾Ã'€Ð µr planning bÐ µfÐ ¾rÐ µ grÐ °duÐ °tÃ'â€"Ð ¾n, there is nÐ ¾thÃ'â€"ng tÐ ¾ worry Ð °bÐ ¾ut. Life Ð °ftÐ µr graduation wÃ'â€"ll bÐ µ just Ð °Ã'• Ð µÃ °Ã'•Ã'Æ' Ð °Ã'• a simple piece of hÐ ¾mÐ µwÐ ¾rk. If you need academic expert writing help you can visit our speech writing service.

Engaging in Evidence Based Practice and Clinical Effectiveness Essay

Engaging in Evidence Based Practice and Clinical Effectiveness - Essay Example (Parahoo, 1997) EBP is also a key factor in the NMC (2008) Code of Professional Conduct, which states that nursing professionals are personally accountable for their quality of care giving, and must provide the highest quality of service to patients that is consistent with evidence-based research. In 2005, NICE was combined with the Health Development Agency as an independent organization to deliver quality healthcare based on professional standards of medical practice in a standardized manner across public healthcare institutions and in order to assist with government programs intended to improve the quality of service in the industry. Nurses are increasingly expected to base their practice on empirical medical research data represented in scientific literature or established medical treatment practices that are generated through research publications (Burns & Grove 1999). The purpose of this report is to apply the principles of Evidence Based Practice (EBP) to the use of supplemental oxygen (O2) in hospitals as a treatment response for myocardial infarction (MI). The rationale for this search is that supplemental oxygen is used in hospitals and clinics traditionally in ways that is inconsistent with latest medical research and this has led to a recent change in practice in healthcare institutions as well as in public policy that still may not be represented in everyday nursing practice. By applying EBP principles, a nurse can review the medical literature and research regarding the use of oxygen in MIs by focusing on the most recent clinical trials. By understanding the use and contra-indications of supplemental O2 in MIs as accepted in published literature, nurses on coronary care units (CCU) can be more prepared for work in the workplace. In order to effectively search the topic of oxygen use in clinical applications related to heart treatment, it w as important to clearly define the research by using the PICO framework (Patients, Interventions, Comparisons and Outcomes) to develop the areas of inquiry. The search criteria focused on were based initially the keywords: â€Å"Myocardial, Infarction, Hyperoxic, Coronary, and Oxygen†. Published papers were identified through a search of online databases via the University of Plymouth intranet site including; CINAHL, MEDLINE, SwetsWise, Taylor & Francis, Oxford Journals & ScienceDirect. In the search, very few original research studies published between 2001 to 2011 were found, it was required to revise the search to include a more specialized use of keywords, all relating to â€Å"oxygen and myocardial function†. Five research papers were then selected as representative of consensus in medical research through peer review and implementation in cardiac treatment programs. CRITICAL REVIEW OF LITERATURE Previously oxygen was given as a standard aspect of MI treatment, re gardless of the patient’s level of oxygen saturation level, as part of the standard response of health practitioners to a critical care emergency such as a heart attack. Although NICE (2010) have amended their guidelines to recommend that patients only be given oxygen if their blood saturation level is below 94% , many nurses on general wards are still giving oxygen to critical heart attack patients as a regular aspect of treatment, as they are unaware of its detrimental effects in counter-indications or the latest research on the topic. Since many hospitals are

Business Plan Assignment Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Plan Assignment - Coursework Example We believe in creating a long-term value for our clients, employees and the community via an insightful professional program. RABCO Accounting consultant will be a highly visible consulting firm that would be well known for its highly professional duties regarding accounting, taxation and auditing. In the long run, we will be looking on the means to expand our services to include the partnering with the upcoming businesses that requires guidance in their efforts to make profits. The firm will offer the technical services in an effort to ensure that the firms can stand in the highly competitive business environment. The assistance to the growing firms will ensure a long relationship that would result to the profits in our firm. The mission and vision of the company will propel our goals. We target to become the best consulting company in the country in the next five years. This goal will only be enabled by our hard and dedicated work to providing excellent services to our clients. The clients will give as a support by referring their colleagues to us if only there are satisfied beyond reasonable doubt with the services we provide to them. RABCO Consulting Company was mainly motivated to enter into the market by the growing number of clients that want the accounting services nationally (Hovers, n.d.). There are however a growing number of graduates that are qualified and were ready to offer their skills in the accounting firms. The company enters into the field with the intention to offer efficient services to enhance the productivity and to grow their profits, Given that there are some well-known accounting firms in the land, it will not be easy for RABCO LTD to make an impact at the first entry (Wiley, 2008). The company will rely on small companies that do not have adequate finances to hire the services of the giant accounting firms. The firm will have

Conditions for Malo-lactic Fermentation With Flavour Profile

Conditions for Malo-lactic Fermentation With Flavour Profile Describe the conditions necessary for the successful completion of a malo-lactic fermentation with a desirable flavour profile. MUGAMBHIKA.M.N ABSTRACT Malolactic fermentation (MLF) is a biological process that is initiated in the winemaking process to produce premium quality of wines. The conversion of L-Malic acid to L-Lactic acid by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) will have a direct effect on the wine produced in terms of quality. MLF increases microbial stabilization, sensory attributes of the wine by reducing the acidity level in the wine(Versari et al., 1999). Desirable attributes such as honey, vanilla and smoother taste in wine has been reported by several studies which is linked to the enzymatic activity of Lactic acid bacteria during Malolactic fermentation (Là ³pez et al., 2011). During alcoholic fermentation, the wine becomes hostile for Lactic Acid Bacteria, due to the presence of high ethanol content, SO2 and other chemical residues released by yeasts. But at a controlled level, they could be made optimum for Malolactic fermentation. The species of Lactic acid bacteria assisting spontaneous fermentation belong to the Oenococcus, Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus genera. Although, Oenococcus oeni are the predominantly used LAB. They are considered to be ideal for Malolactic fermentation due to its specific oenological properties like reduced production of acetic acid, presence of enzymes that enhances the aroma and flavour characteristics, decreased risk of wine spoilage(CHRIS POWELL, 2005, Chalfan et al., 1977). INTRODUCTION: Wine fermentation is an important process carried out by microorganisms like yeasts and lactic acid bacteria. Malolactic Fermentation (MLF) is the enzymatic conversion of L-malic acid to L-lactic acid and Carbon dioxide by lactic acid bacteria. The importance of MLF in commercial winemaking process is due to the biological deacidification reaction by the wine lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (CHRIS POWELL, 2005). Malolactic Fermentation occurs after alcoholic transformation predominantly by Oenococcus oeni species. The bacterial activity during fermentation and its quality depends on the wine. Chemical and physical composition of the wine control the survival and growth lactic acid bacteria in wines(Toit, 2011). Malolactic Fermentation has varied effects on wine flavour and aroma. MLF can either occur spontaneously in wine or by addition of starter cultures that are commercially available. With spontaneous MLF, there are different end results which is due to the native microorganisms that may occur immediately or few months after the completion of alcoholic fermentation. The indigenous microorganisms like lactic acid bacteria may start off from the vines and grape skin in the winery equipment. This leads to risks like increase in volatile acidity, delayed malolactic fermentation and development of unfavourable metabolites like biogenic amines. Biogenic amines affects the quality of wines and affect human health. These are primarily formed due to the decarboxylation of amino acids by Lactic acid bacteria(Solieri et al., 2010). This could be tackled by using a defined starter culture. In order to improve the quality of wine through MLF, wine makers prefer to inoculate grape musts or wine with lactic acid bacteria starter cultures. These are commercially available in freeze dried form or fresh liquid forms. Although few winemakers prefer to use their own starter cultures by growing strains of lactic acid bacteria in diluted grape juice or wine(Bisson, 2004). Inoculated MLF: Inoculated starter culture in Malolactic Fermentation provides better control on the timing of fermentation process and the organisms present. Bacterial starter culture is more difficult to maintain than the yeast starter culture, because the medium needs to be completely sterile and there is a high probability of undesirable lactic acid bacteria occurrence. Fermentation occurs faster under high inocula. The percent inoculum that is needed to be used should be 1-50% depending on the vigour of culture(Semon et al., 2001). Spontaneous MLF: There are a number of risks associated with spontaneous malolactic fermentation. The timing of the process is sometimes uncontrolled and there is a higher threat of undesirable strains that could cause an off flavour in the wine. The timing of process is more certain for alcoholic fermentation than the MLF. This is due to the fastidious nature of bacteria occurring spontaneously in the fermentor(Solieri et al., 2010). The use of starter culture instead of native culture has been a widespread winemaking practice. Inoculated Malolactic fermentation increases the quality and safety of wine produced. On the other hand Spontaneous Malolactic fermentation sometimes increases wine spoilage and produces toxic metabolites like biogenic amines(Solieri et al., 2010). EFFECTS OF MALOLACTIC FERMENTATION: The main effects of Malolactic fermentation are Acidity reduction The deacidification is due to the reduction of net concentration of carboxyl groups. The reduction in acidity is important for high acid wines and may not be desirable in wines already with lower acidity. There is a decrease in titratable acidity by 0.01 to 0.03 g/L because of hydrogen ion fixation(Kurane and Ghosh, 2012). Bacterial stability Flavour changes Various studies have reposted on the specific sensory changes that occurs in wine production due to the malolactic bacterial enzymatic activity. The sensory attributes are strain dependent. In addition to acidity reduction, flavour characteristics of wine after MLF can be buttery, nutty, earthy and fruity. The desired flavour profile in wine can occur in wine after MLF due to the removal of existing flavour compounds and production of new aromatic compounds with better sensory attribute. THE grape and yeast derived secondary metabolites get modified to end products with better desired flavour compounds from metabolism of sugar and amino acids(Bartowsky, 2005). BASIC CONDITIONS NECESSARY FOR SUCCESSFUL MALOLACTIC FERMENTATION pH: MLF strains grow at pH 2.9-3.0. If the wines have a very low pH after the primary fermentation, it is required to consider the reduction of acidity before MLF initiation. It is also important to consider the formation of biogenic amines. MLF cultures grow well even in pH higher than 3.5. Although the risk of off flavour and production of undesirable taste and aroma components increase as the pH increases. Therefore it is needed to adjust the acidity and pH before malolactic fermentation if the pH is more than 3.7. Malate is catabolised at pH 3.2 The enzymatic conversion of L-malic acid to L-lactic acid is faster at a pH 3.5 and the conversion rate is lower at lower pH values. The pH tolerance also relates to the strain variation and viability(Comfort, 2011). Temperature: Temperature is an important factor for initiation or inhibition of Malolactic fermentation. The ambient temperature for the growth of malolactic bacteria is between 20 to 37 °C. At a temperature below 15 °C, the Malolactic bacteria are generally non-viable. Therefore warming down the wines to 18 °C will allow the growth of lactic acid bacteria. Red wines at a higher temperature are suitable for MLF with general recommendations between 18 22 °C. In traditional winemaking regions, MLF is initiated in spring where the wines are monitored for the formation of L-Lactic acid bacteria and thus warming down the fermentor to ensure timely completion of MLF (LOUBSER, 2005). Free SO2 : It is important to maintain Sulfur dioxide levels in malolactic fermentation. Sulfur dioxide is added to prevent formation of undesirable lactic acid bacteria. Most species of Lactic acid bacteria are more sensitive to Sulfur dioxide than Saccharomyces species. The free form of SO2 is responsible for inhibited the undesirable lactic acid bacteria. The free SO2 is dependent on pH. The typical range of sulfite that is required needs to be added for white wines are 20-30 ppm and 30-50 ppm for red wines(LOUBSER, 2005). Nutrient Composition: Lactic acid bacteria are more specific than yeasts and require additional micronutrients and growth factors. Availability of nutrients is essential for the malolactic conversion. Compared to yeast lactic acid bacteria also requires presence of additional amino acids. At the end of alcoholic fermentation, yeasts release amino acids and thus there is no limitation of amino acids during MLF. Autolysis of yeasts also increases micronutrient concentration. It has been reported that malolactic fermentation occurs better during pre-yeast fermentation or after the release of amino acids. However it limits the MLF when the lactic acid bacteria is added during the alcoholic fermentation. There are mixtures of lactic acid nutrients available commercially and it is required to time the addition of nutrients during the fermentation process(Torriani et al., 2011). Oxygen: Oxygen stimulates MLF. It is one of the growth factor for lactic acid bacteria. However, the effect of oxygen varies with different species as few LAB get inhibited by oxygen. Oxygen level needs to be at a controlled level as higher oxygen level may sometimes lead to the production of acetic acid and undesirable end products. There have been occurrence of acetic acid accumulation in the wine when the Malolactic enzymatic activity occurs before the alcoholic fermentation. This is reported to occur alongside the aeration of juice or grape must(Comfort, 2011). CO2 : Carbon dioxide stimulates MLF and helps with better vortex and mixing inside the fermentor. It also affects the buffering capacity of wine(Comfort, 2011). ADDRESSING ISSUES OF HIGHER OR LOWER ACID CONTENT: High level of acidity often occur in grape musts that are derived from grapes grown in cooler regions like France, Germany, cold regions of Australia. The wines made from these cold region vines, have improved flavour, microbial stability due to malolactic fermentation. Although sometimes the MLF may lead to excessive or lower acid content and sensory attributes(Massera et al., 2009). These issues can be addressed by two ways: The initial Malic acid level in the must needs to be estimated which will help choose specific maloalcoholic strains. with higher malic acid levels, maloalcoholic yeast strains works better in controlling the acidity level(Massera et al., 2009). There is another concern of development of excess diacetyl. The level of diacetyl increases by two metabolic pathways. One way they are formed is by metabolism of citric acid. Most wines have citric acid in them and some are produced even during primary fermentation. Hence by the end of Malolactic fermentation, the malic acid depletes and levels of diacetyl increase due to citric acid metabolism(Versari et al., 1999). During the citric acid metabolism, acetic acid is also produced that contributes to volatile acidity. One of the way to tackle excess diacetyl is by using malolactic cultures that have lower citrate metabolism like Lalvin MT01. Another way of which excess diacetyl gets produced is when the malolactic bacteria metabolizes malic acid. For example, in dry wines sugars like pentoses can be metabolized by lactic acid bacteria but cannot be yeast fermentable. Diacetyl is produced when these sugars are metabolized. This can again be prevented with regular monitoring of malic a cid levels and stabilize the process when they are reduced(Massera et al., 2009). During low acid conditions and high pH wines produced from warm climate vine, it is better to acidify the grape musts to favourable levels before primary fermentation. Malolactic fermentation of such low acid wines increases microbial stability and wine quality(LOUBSER, 2005). MLF MONITORING: Acidification of low acid musts is required for grapes and musts that are derived from vines of warm region. Adjusting pH and acidity before alcoholic fermentation is required. When Stronger acids like tartaric acid or DL- malic acid is used when the titratable acidity needs to be adjusted(Miller et al., 2011). Deacidification of musts with higher acid content Using engineered yeasts(Miller et al., 2011) CONCLUSION: To obtain a desirable flavour profile through malolactic bacteria, various factors are needed to be considered and observed. Wine should be present at a temperature of more than 15 °C and nutrients can be supplemented during the fermentation process. Because sometimes high solid content may halt the fermentation of wine. It is better to rely on a Malolactic inoculum rather than spontaneous initiation of Malolactic fermentation(Toit, 2011). The ethanol content should be regulated such that it does not inhibit the malolactic fermentation. It has been found that the lactic acid bacteria that grows in higher ethanol content will produce off flavours and unwanted end products in the wine. To summarise it is known that MLF can be stimulated by low or no use of free sulfur dioxide, warm temperatures, supplementing nutrients to the culture, lowering the ethanol content, adjusting the level of acid and pH range. REFERENCES: BARTOWSKY, E. J. 2005. Oenococcus oeni and malolactic fermentation – moving into the molecular arena. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research, 11, 174-187. BISSON, L. F. 2004. The Biotechnology of Wine Yeast. Food Biotechnology, 18, 63-96. CHALFAN, Y., GOLDBERG, I. MATELES, R. I. 1977. ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MALO-LACTIC BACTERIA FROM ISRAELI RED WINES. Journal of Food Science, 42, 939-943. CHRIS POWELL, S. V. Z. A. R. D. 2005. THE MICROBIOLOGY OF MALOLACTIC FERMENTATION. International Journal of Food Microbiology. COMFORT, S. A. J. 2011. Malolactic Fermentation. KURANE, A. B. GHOSH, J. S. 2012. Malolactic fermentation of grape wine by Lactococcus lactis var cremoris NCIM 2402. International Food Research Journal, 19, 1767-1770. LÓPEZ, R., LÓPEZ-ALFARO, I., GUTIÉRREZ, A. R., TENORIO, C., GARIJO, P., GONZà LEZ-ARENZANA, L. SANTAMARà A, P. 2011. Malolactic fermentation of Tempranillo wine: contribution of the lactic acid bacteria inoculation to sensory quality and chemical composition. International Journal of Food Science Technology, 46, 2373-2381. LOUBSER, P. 2005. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING MALOLACTIC FERMENTATION. MALOLACTIC FERMENTATION IN WINE UNDERSTANDING THE SCIENCE AND THE PRACTICE. MASSERA, A., SORIA, A., CATANIA, C., KRIEGER, S. COMBINA, M. 2009. Simultaneous Inoculation of Malbec (Vitis vinifera) Musts with Yeast and Bacteria: Effects on Fermentation Performance, Sensory and Sanitary Attributes of Wines. Food Technology Biotechnology, 47, 192-201. MILLER, B. J., FRANZ, C. M. A. P., GYO-SUNG, C. DU TOIT, M. 2011. Expression of the Malolactic Enzyme Gene ( mle) from Lactobacillus plantarum Under Winemaking Conditions. Current Microbiology, 62, 1682-1688. SEMON, M. J., EDWARDS, C. G., FORSYTH, D. DINN, C. O. 2001. Inducing malolactic fermentation in Chardonnay musts and wines using different strains of Oenococcus oeni. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research, 7, 52-59. SOLIERI, L., GENOVA, F., DE PAOLA, M. GIUDICI, P. 2010. Characterization and technological properties of Oenococcus oeni strains from wine spontaneous malolactic fermentations: a framework for selection of new starter cultures. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 108, 285-298. TOIT, M. 2011. Lactobacillus: the Next Generation of Malolactic Fermentation Starter Cultures-an Overview. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 4, 876. TORRIANI, S., FELIS, G. E. FRACCHETTI, F. 2011. Selection criteria and tools for malolactic starters development: an update. Annals of Microbiology, 61, 33-39. VERSARI, A., PARPINELLO, G. P. CATTANEO, M. 1999. Leuconostoc oenos and malolactic fermentation in wine: a review. Journal of Industrial Microbiology Biotechnology, 23, 447.

Obama Immigration Reform Essay

Currently, 11 million illegal immigrants inhabit the United States. This number will continue to augment without proper regulation of these aliens. Ever since his first inauguration, it has been President Barack Obama’s mission to improve America’s mediocre immigration system. Since Obama’s reelection for his second term, he has constantly stressed the fact that the new ideas for immigration reform are on the top of his list. Not only will these new reclaims help both the legal and illegal immigrants, and American citizens, but also they will benefit the US economy. It has been a controversial argument whether Obama’s reform ideas will either positively or negatively affect the US economy, but according to the bipartisan group of democrats and republicans, it is agreed that the positives greatly outweigh the negatives. After the bipartisan meeting on January 28th, 2013, in which both parties’ principles were announced for comprehensive immigration reform (CNN Political Unit, CNN. com), Obama presented a speech on January 29th, 2013, which consisted of numerous solutions to the troubled immigration system presently used in the United States. This speech not only contained these ideas, but also his plan of action to pursue them during his next four years in office. Obama proved to America that he would attempt to fulfill these reforms as soon as possible by saying, â€Å"It is time to fix the system that has been broken for way too long,† (CNN Political Unit, CNN. com). The first, and arguably the most imperative, immigrant reform plan is to strengthen the US-Mexico border’s security, strictly correlating with illegal immigrant crossings. Since Obama has been in office, the number of illegal crossings has shrunk down to about 80% from their peak in 2000 (CNN Political Unit, CNN. com). Some specific methods that are considered being used to strengthen the US-Mexico border are: increase protection and number of border patrol agents, add 350 miles of fencing, add 290 miles of vehicle barriers, invest in more cameras and radar towers, and finally, end the â€Å"Catch & Release† Policy (USA Immigration Reform, USAimmigrationreform. org). Secondly, Obama desires to increase the enforcement efforts on illegal immigrant criminals who endanger the country’s communities. Thankfully, with Obama in office, the deportation of undocumented criminals is at its highest level than it has ever been before (CNN Political Unit, CNN. com). The third angle for this project is to reinforce the already-formed DREAM Act, which stands for â€Å"Development, Relief and Education for Alien Minors. † The main purpose of this addition to the bill of reforms is so the minors that travelled with their parents or guardians over the border (in this case, they are not responsible for being an illegal alien) are ensured opportunity, safety, and equal rights (Zuckerman-Bernstein, policymic. om). Providing conditional permanent residency to certain illegal minors of good moral character who graduate from high schools in the United States is the platform of this act (CNN Political Unit, CNN. com). The fourth contribution in Obama’s speech discussed worksite enforcement. It is strongly suggested that we implement a new national system that enables businesses to rapidly and accurately verify one’s employment status, and even more emphasized, heighten and ramp up the penalties deserved by the businesses that still hire illegally (CNN Political Unit, CNN. om). Actions to be accounted for in this effort are: moderating the number of documents accepted to verify identity and work eligibility, ensuring that all workers must hold legal status in the United States, increasing the fines and consequences for those continually hiring illegal workers, and lastly, to surge investigation of these employers (USA Immigration Reform, USAimmigrationreform. org). This topic is a bit more accentuated because the employment of illegal workers generates an unbalanced and unfair workplace for American citizens. The companies that hire illegally create a battlefield for companies that do proceed to follow the law and pay decent wages, causing those of which to suffer. Not only are these loyal companies and businesses affected, but also is a majority of general working Americans. Their wages and working conditions are threatened, but Obama demands to protect each worker’s rights and clarifies this motion by stating,† We will make sure that every worker and business in America is playing the same set of rules,† (CNN Political Unit, CNN. com). The fifth input could hold the most considerable amount of influence on illegal immigrants currently living in America, and for those who wish to come to America legally but unfortunately have a hard time doing so. Obama’s idea of laying out a pathway to citizenship has caught the eyes and ears of many. This pathway consists of various forms of tests and agreements that attain to both present illegal immigrants and legal ones wishing to move, such as: a background check, paying taxes, learning English, paying a penalty upon illegal entry and getting in back of the line behind the people who have waited to arrive legally (illegals only). Obama claims this is only fair (CNN Political Unit, CNN. com). There will be a revised naturalization test, with a focus on American democracy, US history, and what is expected of a US citizen. Also, a rise of immigrant coach training will help applicants through the immigration process. Finally, it’s planned to enhance the development of web-based learning tools to increase English language skills (USA Immigration Reform, USAimmigrationreform. org). Congress stresses that this pathway to citizenship is mainly focused on the 11 million undocumented aliens in America, but it is equally vital to deal with future immigrants, as well, or the country may find itself housing more illegals and not progressing to a better America (Fox News, The Associated Press, foxnews. com). Lastly, Obama’s final aspiration is to break our old fashioned system and bring it to the 21st century. The president’s opinion about visa card laws was that they are â€Å"outdated† and â€Å"make no sense,† (Fox News, The Associated Press, foxnews. com). He hopes to join family members with those who have come to earn a living already and to avoid the prolonged wait of future immigrants. Having to wait years before being able to send one’s family to America is absurd to the President and surely to a majority of others (CNN Political Unit, CNN. com). These plans, ideas, and desires for a higher quality national immigration system will be assorted into a bill. Witnesses largely appealed to congress’ disposition to pass the bill because not only will this bill ameliorate the lives of immigrants and their families, but also the US economy (Fox News, The Associated Press, foxnews. om). Correspondingly, there is a plethora of reasons why a substantial immigration reform would positively impact the US economy. To begin, immigrants start businesses. The Small Business Administration says immigrants are 30% more likely to start a business compared to a native, and 18% of small business owners today are immigrants (Gray, Furman, thewhitehouse. gov). In addition, this reform would create an annual increase of 0. 8% points to the economic growth rate, presently stuck at a frustrating 2% (CBN News, CBN. com). Additional boosts to the economic growth could potentially come from rising wages for newly legalized workers and higher productivity levels from the arrival of new, highly-skilled workers from abroad (Krudy, NBCnews. com). To even further express the benefit of immigration reform, just in 2008, the Congressional Budget Office projected an acquired $48 billion in revenue from 2008-2017, simply caused by a more efficient, modernized national immigration system (Krudy, NBCnews. com). Continuing on from the point above, immigrant-owned businesses create jobs for Americans. The Fiscal Policy Institute stated that small businesses owned by immigrants employed about 4. 7 million people in 2007. These businesses generated over $776 billion annually. With this statistic, it only makes sense to assume that this ratio will continually grow in the future since more businesses will be started. Also, the Center of American Progress affirmed that comprehensive immigration reform would create jobs — 900,000 people got jobs within 3 years from the increase of immigrant consumer spending (Gray, Furman, thewhitehouse. ov). Yes, immigrants will aid the US in creating jobs for its native citizens, but it is also true that immigrants are more likely to create their own jobs as well. The Department of Labor claimed that 7. 5% of foreign born people in the United States are self-employed, while only 6. 6% of native born are self-employed (Gray, Furman, thewhitehouse. gov). Immigrants are also a great contributor to the economy because they have and probably will co ntinue to create cutting-edge technology and companies. Big businesses like Google, Yahoo, Intel and eBay were all produced with the help of immigrants, and 25% of public US companies were started by them (Gray, Furman, thewhitehouse. gov). Alone, these booming businesses create an influx of earnings for the American economy. The earnings developed from these businesses wouldn’t reach their full potential without the help of immigrants. Between 1990 and 2004, an accession of immigration correlated with increased earnings of about 0. 7% annually, recorded from studies at University of California (Gray, Furman, thewhitehouse. ov). Oddly enough, it is proven that immigrants earn greater degrees than non-immigrants. Surprisingly, with all of America’s exceptional education programs, only 16% of the resident population holds a bachelor’s degree. Immigrants represent 33% of America’s engineers, 27% of mathematicians, statisticians, and computer scientists, and 34% of physical scientists (Gray, Furman, thewhitehouse. gov). Another reason to implement this bill immediately is because reform legislation would reduce the deficit. The nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office says that if the 2010 version of the DREAM Act was used, the federal deficit would be abated $2. 2 trillion over a course of 10 years because of accumulated tax revenues (Gray, Furman, thewhitehouse. gov). The consensus among economists said the new reform would maximize housing demand, encourage entrepreneurship, and raise tax revenues, which in total would sufficiently aid the budget deficit (CBN News, CBNnews. com). So basically, the consensus among economists has determined immigration reform as a net benefit. Economist Giovanni Peri plans to utilize a â€Å"cap-and-trade† visa system, which would induce a profit of $1. 2 billion a year (Krudy, NBCnews. com). Finally, immigration reform would increase America’s gross domestic product. The nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office asserted that even under low investment assumptions, immigration reform would raise the GDP by 0. 8%-1. 3% from 2012-2016 (Gray, Furman, thewhitehouse. gov). As one can see, President Barack Obama has put forth a much needed effort in the mission to create a noteworthy national immigration system. With all of these fair and effective plans and ideas, not one foreigner should have to think twice about becoming an American citizen, considering it is for the benefit of themselves, their family, the United States and its economy. The National Council of La Raza, the League of United Latin American Citizens, and the International Secretary of the Service Employees International Union, all of these tied in with immigration policies, issued a joint statement saying â€Å"The time to act is now,† (Zuckerman-Bernstein, policymic. com).

Police Department Proposal for Analytical Unit - 1947 Words

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A Brief Note On U.p. S And Retailers - 916 Words

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